The BBB is a selective, semi-permeable barrier around the microvasculature in the brain
We aimed to explore the
It probably isn't a surprise to hear that consuming too much sugar could lead to higher blood sugar
This narrative review aims to explain the association between these two entities, focusing on insulin resistance as the mediator and exploring the effects of antidiabetic agents on thyroid cancer incidence and progression
Thyroid cancer has shown a parallel increase with diabetes in the last few years
After screening and full-text assessment, five studies were included in the systematic review
The recent epidemic of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS), or insulin resistance syndrome, has been associated with the re-emergence of nodular thyroid disease
However, recently, an interdependent relationship among adipose tissue dysfunction-insulin resistance and thyroid has been suggested
In 940 participants with strictly normal serum concentrations of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT
Furthermore, thyroid hormone effects can be insulin agonistic, such as demonstrated in muscle or antagonistic such as observed in the liver
All the patients were newly diagnosed with T2DM
Diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease are two areas of broad interest in the field of endocrinology and metabolism
et al
Insulin appears to disrupt all components of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-ovary axis, and ovarian tissue insulin resistance results in impaired metabolic signaling but intact mitogenic and steroidogenic activity, favoring hyperandrogenemia, which appears to be the main culprit of the clinical picture in PCOS
Methods: Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI)
2 µIU/mL) and subclinical (4
Some available reports are in agreement and others are against this suggestion